Keoladeo Ghana National Park, also known as Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, is a renowned UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Bharatpur, Rajasthan. This park is celebrated for its rich avian biodiversity and serves as a significant habitat for both resident and migratory birds.

 Overview & Ecological Significance

Spanning approximately 29 square kilometers, Keoladeo Ghana National Park encompasses a mosaic of wetlands, grasslands, and woodlands. It is home to over 375 bird species, including the critically endangered Siberian Crane, making it a vital stopover for birds migrating along the Central Asian Flyway . The park also supports a diverse range of flora and fauna, including various species of mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and plants.

 Historical Background

Originally established in the 1850s as a royal hunting ground by the Maharajas of Bharatpur, the area was transformed into a bird sanctuary in 1956. It gained national park status in 1982 and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985, recognizing its importance as a habitat for migratory waterfowl.

 Location & Accessibility

• Location: Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India

• Nearest Airport: Agra Airport (approximately 56 km away)

• Railway Station: Bharatpur Junction (about 5 km from the park)

• Road Connectivity: Well-connected to major cities like Jaipur (176 km), Agra (56 km), and Delhi (184 km) via road networks.

 Visiting Information

• Best Time to Visit: November to March, when migratory birds are present in large numbers.

• Park Timings: Typically open from sunrise to sunset; however, it’s advisable to check current timings before planning your visit.

• Entry Fee: Approximately ₹200 per person for Indian nationals .

• Guided Tours: Available options include rickshaw rides, bicycle rentals, and guided walking tours to explore the park’s diverse habitats.

 Flora & Fauna Highlights

• Bird Species: The park hosts a variety of birds such as painted storks, spoonbills, egrets, herons, and various species of ducks and geese.

• Mammals: Notable mammals include nilgai (blue bull), sambar deer, wild boar, and golden jackals.

• Reptiles & Amphibians: The park is home to several species of snakes, lizards, turtles, and amphibians, contributing to its ecological diversity.

 Conservation Efforts

Keoladeo Ghana National Park faces challenges such as water scarcity and habitat degradation. Conservation initiatives focus on habitat restoration, water management, and community engagement to ensure the park’s ecological integrity and sustainability .